1. What is QA?
QA focuses on preventing defects by improving processes and systems.
2. What is QC?
QC focuses on detecting defects through inspection and testing.
3. Difference between QA and QC?
QA = Process oriented | QC = Product oriented
4. What is Quality?
Meeting project specifications, standards, and client requirements.
5. What is an ITP?
Inspection & Test Plan defining inspection stages and acceptance criteria.
6. What is a Method Statement?
Step-by-step description of how work will be executed safely and correctly.
7. What is an NCR?
Non-Conformance Report for work not meeting requirements.
8. Types of NCR?
Minor NCR and Major NCR.
9. What is ISO 9001?
Quality Management System standard.
10. What is a Hold Point?
Work stops until consultant/client approval.
11. What is a Witness Point?
Consultant may witness, but work can proceed.
12. What is Calibration?
Checking accuracy of measuring instruments.
13. What is MIR?
Material Inspection Request.
14. What is IR?
Inspection Request for completed work.
15. What is FAT?
Factory Acceptance Test.
16. What is SAT?
Site Acceptance Test.
17. What is a Checklist?
Inspection reference based on standards.
18. What is an As-Built Drawing?
Shows actual work executed on site.
19. What is a Specification?
Technical requirements of the project.
20. What is a Standard?
Approved guideline (ASTM, BS, ACI, ISO).
🔹 DOCUMENTS & CONTROL (21–40)
21. What documents do you check before inspection?
Drawings, ITP, method statement, MIR, calibration certs.
22. What is document control?
Managing approved and latest documents.
23. What is revision control?
Tracking changes in documents.
24. What is a Shop Drawing?
Detailed execution drawing prepared by contractor.
25. Difference between IFC and Shop Drawing?
IFC = Issued for Construction | Shop = Execution details.
26. What is a Technical Submittal?
Material and system approval document.
27. What is a Test Report?
Result of inspection/testing activity.
28. What is Traceability?
Ability to track materials and work history.
29. What is a Quality Plan?
Project-specific quality management document.
30. What is a Quality Policy?
Top management’s commitment to quality.
31. What is Corrective Action?
Action to fix existing non-conformance.
32. What is Preventive Action?
Action to prevent future non-conformance.
33. What is CAR?
Corrective Action Report.
34. What is an Observation Report?
Note for improvement (not violation).
35. What is a Mock-Up?
Sample work for approval.
36. What is a Punch List?
List of incomplete or defective works.
37. What is Snag List?
Minor defects before handover.
38. What is Handover Document?
Final quality and project records.
39. What is O&M Manual?
Operation and Maintenance manual.
40. What is Final Inspection?
Inspection before project handover.
🔹 CIVIL / STRUCTURAL (41–65)
41. What is a Slump Test?
Checks concrete workability.
42. Acceptable slump range?
Depends on spec (usually 75–125 mm).
43. What is a Cube Test?
Checks concrete compressive strength.
44. Cube testing ages?
7, 14, and 28 days.
45. What is Honeycombing?
Voids due to poor compaction.
46. Causes of honeycombing?
Poor vibration, low workability.
47. What is Cover Block?
Ensures proper concrete cover to rebar.
48. Why concrete curing is important?
Achieves strength and durability.
49. Types of curing?
Water curing, membrane curing.
50. What is Reinforcement Inspection?
Check size, spacing, cover, binding.
51. What is Formwork Inspection?
Alignment, level, cleanliness, support.
52. What is Concrete Pour Card?
Approval before casting.
53. What is Rebound Hammer Test?
Non-destructive strength test.
54. What is Core Cutting?
Extract concrete core for testing.
55. What is Waterproofing Inspection?
Check surface prep, material, thickness.
56. What is Backfilling Inspection?
Material type, compaction level.
57. What is Compaction Test?
Ensures soil density.
58. What is FDT?
Field Density Test.
59. What is Excavation Inspection?
Depth, slope, shoring.
60. What is Concrete Segregation?
Separation of aggregates.
61. What is Cold Joint?
Delay between concrete pours.
62. What is Grouting?
Filling gaps with fluid material.
63. What is Structural Tolerance?
Allowed dimensional deviation.
64. What is Post-Pour Inspection?
Check cracks, finish, curing.
65. What is Concrete Mix Design?
Proportioning of concrete materials.
🔹 MEP / GENERAL QAQC (66–90)
66. What is Hydro Test?
Pressure test for pipes.
67. What is Pneumatic Test?
Air pressure testing.
68. What is Pressure Rating?
Maximum allowable pressure.
69. What is WPS?
Welding Procedure Specification.
70. What is PQR?
Procedure Qualification Record.
71. What is Welder Qualification?
Approval of welder skill.
72. What is NDT?
Non-Destructive Testing.
73. Types of NDT?
UT, RT, MT, PT.
74. What is Electrical Megger Test?
Insulation resistance test.
75. What is Continuity Test?
Checks electrical circuit integrity.
76. What is Earthing Test?
Checks grounding resistance.
77. What is HVAC Testing?
Airflow and performance test.
78. What is Fire Fighting Inspection?
Pressure, coverage, alarms.
79. What is BMS?
Building Management System.
80. What is T&C?
Testing & Commissioning.
81. What is Commissioning?
Ensuring systems work as designed.
82. What is Material Storage Control?
Proper handling and protection.
83. What is Incoming Material Inspection?
Quality check upon delivery.
84. What is Site Audit?
Quality system review.
85. What is Internal Audit?
Audit by organization.
86. What is External Audit?
Audit by client/certifying body.
87. What is Risk Assessment?
Identifying potential risks.
88. What is Method Statement Approval Process?
Prepare → review → approve → implement.
89. What is Client Inspection?
Inspection by consultant/client.
90. What is Third-Party Inspection?
Independent inspection agency.
🔹 INTERVIEW & PRACTICAL (91–100)
91. How do you handle site pressure?
Follow standards strictly.
92. How do you reject work?
Politely with documented reasons.
93. How do you ensure quality daily?
Regular inspection and coordination.
94. How do you close NCR fast?
Root cause + corrective action.
95. What is Root Cause Analysis?
Finding real reason of defect.
96. What is Continuous Improvement?
Improving processes over time.
97. How do you deal with subcontractors?
Clear communication and monitoring.
98. What software do you use?
Excel, AutoCAD, QA logs (as applicable).
99. Why should we hire you?
Strong quality knowledge + site experience.
100. What is your strength as QA/QC Engineer?
Attention to detail and standards compliance.